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Jowo Rinpoche, enshrined in the Jokhang TempleJowo Rinpoche © Christophe Boisvieux/Corbis

Jowo Rinpoche, enshrined in the Jokhang Temple

Lhasa, Tibet. Yarlung Dynasty. Believed to have been brought to Tibet in 641 C.E. Gilt metals with semiprecious stones, pearls, and paint; various offerings.

Curator Note

"The most sacred statue in Tibet. Believed to have been carved by the celestial architect Viswakarma during the Buddha's lifetime, making it a true portrait. To see it is to be blessed; its energy is said to transform the viewer."

Form

  • Seated Buddha: Lotus position (padmasana) on a gold throne.
  • Mudra: Hands in the Bhumisparsha mudra (calling the earth to witness).
  • Material: Cast metal (gold/copper alloy) with heavy gilding.
  • Decoration: Encrusted with turquoise, coral, and pearls (offerings added over centuries).
  • Scale: Life-sized representation of the Buddha at age 12.

Function

  • Pilgrimage Goal: The ultimate destination for Tibetan Buddhists (some prostrate all the way to Lhasa).
  • Devotion: Worshiped as if it were the living Buddha himself (dressed and fed).
  • Healing: Believed to have the power to heal the sick and grant wishes.
  • Political Legitimacy: Possession of the statue conferred right to rule Tibet.
  • Cultural Identity: The heart of Tibetan Buddhism.

Content

  • Jowo Rinpoche: "Precious Lord." represents Shakyamuni Buddha.
  • Crown: Elaborate five-leafed crown (added later by Tsongkhapa).
  • Smile: A serene, compassionate expression.
  • Vajra: A thunderbolt symbol placed in front of him.
  • Offerings: Surrounded by butter lamps and scarves (khata).

Context

  • Brought to Tibet (641 C.E.) as a dowry by Chinese Princess Wencheng (marriage to Songtsen Gampo).
  • The Jokhang Temple was built specifically to house this statue.
  • Cultural Revolution: Hidden and damaged in the 1960s, later restored.
  • Significance: Represents the arrival of Buddhism in Tibet.
  • Location: Lhasa ("Place of the Gods").